BS 4839 Pt.3-1992 塑料容器.第3部分:总容量在70L~250L(包括250L)的封口塑料桶规范
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来源:标准资料网
【英文标准名称】:Plasticscontainers-Specificationforclosedheadplasticsdrumsover70Luptoandincluding250Ltotalcapacity
【原文标准名称】:塑料容器.第3部分:总容量在70L~250L(包括250L)的封口塑料桶规范
【标准号】:BS4839Pt.3-1992
【标准状态】:作废
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【发布单位】:英国标准学会(GB-BSI)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
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基本信息
| 标准名称： | 出口食品接触材料 高分子材料 聚氯乙烯（PVC）制品中磷酸甲苯酯的测定 气相色谱法 |
| 发布部门： | 国家质量监督检验检疫总局 |
| 发布日期： | 2011-09-09 |
| 实施日期： | 2012-04-01 |
| 首发日期： | |
| 作废日期： | |
| 出版社： | 中国标准出版社 |
| 出版日期： | 2012-04-01 |
适用范围
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前言
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引用标准
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所属分类： 综合 社会公共安全 社会公共安全综合 信息技术 办公机械设备 字符集和信息编码
【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforConductingLaboratorySoilToxicityTestswiththeNematodeCaenorhabditiselegans
【原文标准名称】:利用线虫(Caenorhabditiselegans)进行实验室土壤毒性试验的标准指南
【标准号】:ASTME2172-2001(2008)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2001
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E47.02
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:Caernorhabditiselegans;Fieldtesting--soil;Nematicides(nematodecontrolagents);Soiltoxicity;Terrestrialsystems
【摘要】:Soiltoxicitytestsprovideinformationconcerningthetoxicityandbioavailabilityofchemicalsassociatedwithsoilstoterrestrialorganisms.Asimportantmembersofthesoilfauna,nematodeshaveanumberofcharacteristicsthatmakethemappropriateorganismsforuseintheassessmentofpotentiallyhazardoussoils.Bacterial-feedingnematodessuchasC.elegansfeedonsoilmicrobesandcontributetothebreakdownoforganicmatter.Theyarealsoofextremeimportanceinthecyclinganddegradationofkeynutrientsinsoilecosystems(9).Soilnematodesalsoserveasasourceofpreyandnutrientsforfaunaandmicroflorasuchassoilnematophagousfungi(10).Amajorchangeintheabundanceofsoilinvertebratessuchasnematodes,eitherasafoodsourceorasorganismsfunctioningproperlyintrophicenergytransferandnutrientcycling,couldhaveseriousadverseecologicaleffectsontheentireterrestrialsystem.Resultsfromsoiltestsmightbeanimportantconsiderationwhenassessingthehazardsofmaterialstoterrestrialorganisms.Thesoiltestmightbeusedtodeterminethetemporalorspatialdistributionofsoiltoxicity.Testmethodscanbeusedtodetecthorizontalandverticalgradientsintoxicity.Resultsofsoiltestscouldbeusedtocomparethesensitivitiesofdifferentspecies.AnunderstandingoftheeffectoftheseparametersontoxicitymaybegainedbyvaryingsoilcharacteristicssuchaspH,claycontent,andorganicmaterial.Resultsofsoiltestsmaybeusefulinhelpingtopredicttheeffectslikelytooccurwithterrestrialorganismsinfieldsituations.Fieldsurveyscanbedesignedtoprovideeitheraqualitativeorquantitativeevaluationofbiologicaleffectswithinasiteoramongsites.Soilsurveysevaluatingbiologicaleffectsareusuallypartofmorecomprehensiveanalysesofbiological,chemical,geological,andhydrographicconditions.Statisticalcorrelationcanbeimprovedandcostsreducedifsubsamplesofsoilforlaboratorytests,geochemicalanalyses,andcommunitystructurearetakensimultaneouslyfromthesamegrabofthesamesite.Soiltoxicitytestscanbeanimportanttoolformakingdecisionsregardingtheextentofremedialactionnecessaryforcontaminatedterrestrialsites.1.1Thisguidecoversproceduresforobtaininglaboratorydatatoevaluatetheadverseeffectsofchemicalsassociatedwithsoiltonematodesfromsoiltoxicitytests.ThisstandardisbasedonamodificationtoGuideE1676.Themethodsaredesignedtoassesslethalorsublethaltoxiceffectsonnematodesinshort-termtestsinterrestrialsystems.Soilstobetestedmaybe(1)referencessoilsorpotentiallytoxicsoilsites;(2)artificial,reference,orsitesoilsspikedwithcompounds;(3)sitesoilsdilutedwithreferencesoils;or(4)siteorreferencesoilsdilutedwithartificialsoil.TestproceduresaredescribedforthespeciesCaenorhabditiselegans(seeAnnexA1).Methodsdescribedinthisguidemayalsobeusefulforconductingsoiltoxicitytestswithotherterrestrialspecies,althoughmodificationsmaybenecessary.1.2SummaryofPreviousStudies8212;Initialsoiltoxicitytestingusingthefree-living,bacterivoroussoilnematodeCaenorhabditiseleganswasdevelopedbyDonkinandDusenbery(1).FollowingthedevelopmentofaneffectivemethodofrecoveryofC.elegansfromtestsoils,theorganismwasusedtoidentifyfactorsthataffectthetoxicityofzinc,cadmium,copper,andlead
